When does the alternator belt need to be replaced and how to do it. Detailed instructions on how to properly change the alternator belt On a Volkswagen Polo Sedan
Welcome!
This part connects the alternator pulley to the crankshaft pulley and the water pump pulley on classic models. On front-wheel drive vehicles, the pump pulley ties the timing belt. A break in the alternator belt on the classic will cause poorly functioning devices, because the energy will come only from the battery, respectively, if the charge is poor, the devices will junk. On the contrary, if the battery is powerful and sufficiently charged, then for some time the devices will not go out and you may not even notice that the belt has broken. And here it is necessary to remember about the pump and pay attention to it, since the belt connects it, then the gap will stop the circulation of the coolant in the system and the machine will start to get very hot.
Note!
you will need the following tools: a mounting spatula (a convenient thick stick or a small metal scrap will do), wrenches will be needed for “17” and “19”.
Belt location
Located at the front of the car. In the photo, the red arrow shows the radiator of the cooling system and the bar on which the battery stands (now removed). The belt connecting the three pulleys is indicated in the photo with a blue arrow.
When to change the belt?
The main reason is wear: various kinds of cracks, worn edges, worn teeth. We do not recommend tightening with the replacement of the belt, otherwise the gap will lead to overheating of the engine and even boiling during extreme heat. The battery will quickly discharge in the absence of support from the generator, which will stop spinning and giving energy.
Note!
Have you ever heard a car whistle? The timing belt makes a sound, it occurs for various reasons:
- severe wear often leads to whistling;
- water or any liquid getting on it (for example, coolant gets on the belt when the pipes of the cooling system are worn out, leaking. Inspection of the belt and pulleys for moisture will help to recognize the problem);
- weak belt tension (adjustment will come to the rescue, read below);
- poor quality of the belt, there is a straight oak belt (by the way, it hardens in frost).
Most cars in the winter season make a whistle when starting the motor, and a warm car no longer whistles - a sign of a hardened belt.
The video below can help you emergency: if the belt suddenly breaks on the road, and there is no spare one, an ordinary belt or tie will come to your aid! Watch the video in detail and shake your head, you never know, anything in life will come in handy.
We change the belt on the VAZ 2101-VAZ 2107
Withdrawal
Note!
Withdrawal battery facilitate access to the belt. The process is described in the article: "Replacing the battery on cars".
Rate appearance belt. In case of good condition, check the tension, tighten it if necessary. It is easy to check: squeeze the belt with your fingers with a force of 10 kg anywhere. Either in place "A" the distance that the belt should bend is 10-15 mm, or in place "B" 12-17 mm (see picture).
Note!
It is more convenient to press and check the deflection at point "A". Any deviation from the norm requires tightening the belt. Remember, do not remove the belt from the pulleys unless you are going to replace it!
Move to the lower car part and unscrew the lower alternator nut one turn (see small photo), get out from under the car and go to engine compartment. Loosen the nut of the upper fastening of the generator for one or two turns (red arrow in the photo), an extension cord with universal joint and a socket head (tools are indicated by a blue arrow). Loosen through the battery installation strap.
Note!
The top nut that secures the generator to the bar is twisted differently for everyone, so as soon as you feel that the nut goes easily (look, do not unscrew it completely), then immediately stop unscrewing it!
We proceed directly to changing the belt. Move the alternator towards the engine with your hands and remove the belt. If you just need to adjust, then insert a mounting blade between the engine and between the generator itself (see photo below), and using the blade as a lever, move the generator away from the engine. Holding the spatula in this position, tighten the upper nut securing the generator to the bar and the lower one too. Release the blade and remove it, check the belt tension and, if necessary, repeat the operation (if the tension is not within the norm).
Installation
First, install the belt on the crankshaft pulley. In the image above, see the pulley is indicated by the number 3, the generator pulley by the number 2 and the pump pulley by the number 1. Move the generator to the engine to the end, if it is shifted, but the belt is still not installed, then gently turn the pump pulley (upper) by hand, or at the extreme In this case, ask an assistant to use the crooked starter to rotate the pulley a little, and at this time you put the belt on the top pulley of the pump.
Note!
We attach a video about adjusting the belt tension, enjoy watching!
To supply the electrical systems of the car with energy, each car has two power sources - a DC battery and a three-phase generator alternating current equipped with a powerful rectifier bridge. But in order for the latter to start producing current, it must be made to spin. This is done with the engine running. crankshaft and belt. Often the latter requires replacement.
Belt drive: advantages and disadvantages
The belt drive of the generator belongs to the gears, which are called flexible links. The drive includes two pulleys - the leading one is mounted on the end of the crankshaft, the driven one is mounted on the generator shaft, as well as a belt thrown over them. The transfer of torque is carried out due to friction forces.
Types of alternator belts
Since different brands of cars have different types of engines, three types of alternator belts are used in them:
- wedge (in cross section they are trapezoid-shaped, capable of transmitting significant forces, withstand large overloads);
- poly-wedge (wide, with longitudinal grooves, have reverse flexibility and are used to transmit rotation to several devices);
- jagged (for inside have transverse grooves and are endowed with the ability to accurately observe the gear ratio).
Separate belt drive of a powerful 3-phase generator of a modern passenger car- this is a multi-ribbed belt, consisting of many longitudinal wedge-shaped teeth located on the inside of a flat endless base. The main condition for the stable operation of the generator belt is the mandatory presence of a tensioner. It acts as a tension roller or the generator itself.
Polyclinic Belting has both advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
- low weight and small thickness allow the belt to be used in drives of engines with a high number of revolutions;
- increased reverse flexibility allows you to simultaneously transfer rotation to the hydraulic booster, water pump, generator, air conditioning compressor;
- has increased resistance to cracking;
- protects the generator from shock and peak loads during engine start and stop;
- protects the generator from overload, due to slipping of the belt in the pulleys;
- stable torque transmission with a significant distance between the crankshaft and generator pulleys;
- simplicity of design;
- smooth and silent operation;
- no type of lubrication is required;
- low cost combined with a long service life.
Flaws
- shaft ends with pulleys and thrust bearings are under the influence of decent forces arising from strong tension;
- in the event of large loads, there is a strong wear of the side surfaces due to slippage;
- service life depends on the correct tension;
- the mechanism cannot work normally if oil gets on it, so protection from any type of lubricant is required.
The design and material of the alternator belt
V-belt consists of 5 layers
The product must have the following characteristics:
- high strength with significant load fluctuations;
- good wear resistance;
- the maximum coefficient of adhesion to the working surfaces of the pulleys;
- be flexible but rigid.
Poly V-belt consists of the following layers
The generator drive is made in the form of an endless flat belt, on the inner surface of which there are longitudinal wedge-shaped ribs. This design allows you to combine the elasticity of the flat and increased grip strength. v-belt. The basis is a cord reinforced layer of synthetic cords covered with a rubberized fabric made of high-strength rubber. This design is practically not subject to stretching.
When to change the alternator belt
Modern technologies make it possible to produce a generator belt so durable that it is able to work flawlessly for a long time - several tens of thousands of runs. Many manufacturers set a standard for mandatory replacement of the alternator belt at 80-100 thousand kilometers. But there should be control over the state of this important element of the generator drive. Common practice: visual inspection for cracks and frayed edges when sustained whistling occurs. Burrs and misalignment on the pulleys, as well as improper tension, lead to premature damage. A break will be signaled by two control lights. The first is about the lack of battery charging. The second is about a sharp increase in the temperature of the coolant (for example, on the classics, a water pump and a generator work from one consumable).
What to do if it broke
Broken alternator belt
If the belt breaks on the road, and there is no spare, the situation will be quite serious. It is especially difficult at night. You can only move in tow with the engine turned off, which is very dangerous. If during the day, you can drive a short distance on the battery by turning off all unnecessary sources of current consumption: light, radio, stove, navigator and other devices. In a hopeless situation, you can try to use improvised means:
- cut the torn one in half lengthwise, fold the halves together and make a circle of the desired length, wrap both halves with strong twine;
- waist belt, the ends of which are fastened with wire;
- women's tights, tie the ends with a tight knot;
- strong rope, wrap the ends with strong twine;
- harness from the car chamber, wrap the ends with twine or wire.
How to choose the right one
If the belt began to collapse from prolonged use or heavy wear, it must be changed immediately. The main criterion is the length, which can be found from the catalog, knowing Catalogue number details of this brand of car and its equipment. For example, the length for the VAZ 2110–2112 brand is different for different models:
- for 8 and 16 valve engines, including those of Priora, with a minimum configuration - the length is 742 mm;
- for 16 valve engine with hydraulic booster - 1115 mm;
- for models equipped with air conditioning - 1125 mm.
The marking is applied to the outer side of the belt
You can learn about the length from the marking that is applied to the outer surface. It is recommended to buy an original product from the manufacturer whose products are used to complete the car on the assembly line.
Manufacturers of V-ribbed alternator belts
V-ribbed alternator belt GATES
American Firm GATES and its products are the best known among all multi V-belt manufacturers. GATES spare parts are supplied to the assembly lines of cars and trucks Italy, France, Germany, Sweden, Japan, Korea, USA and other countries. Her belts are of high quality, durable, but quite expensive. This brand is most often counterfeited by unscrupulous manufacturers of low-quality consumables.
german firm Continenta l is also well known for the quality of its products.
german Bosch has an excellent reputation in the world for many products, including V-ribbed belts.
American company DAYCO occupies the 2nd place in the belt market and supplies its products to the assembly lines of automobile concerns in Italy, France, Germany and other countries. Original DAYCO products are trusted by consumers not only among motorists in European countries, but also in the USA, Asia, and Africa.
PJSC BalakovoRezinoTechnika- Russian manufacturer of original rubber products for VAZ, GAZ and KamAZ conveyors. Owners of LADA, Volga, Gazelle and other domestic brands willingly buy its products for generators.
Do-it-yourself alternator belt replacement
An experienced driver always carries a spare part right size and type. Easy to change if available. essential tool and minimal locksmith skills.
Video: Replacing the belt and roller for Renault Megane 2
The procedure (replacement is carried out with the engine off and the battery terminal removed) is as follows:
- provide access to the belt, for which it may be necessary to remove front wheel, engine mudguard, and for some brands - crankcase protection; injection engine it is necessary to remove the crankshaft position sensor;
- loosen the belt tension, for which loosen the bolt (or nut) of the tension roller or the generator itself;
- fix in memory the layout of the belt if it activates several devices at the same time;
- you need to remove the old belt from the topmost pulley, then compare it with the new one - they should be identical (there should be no discrepancy in profile and length);
- find out the cause of belt damage and eliminate it;
- to put a new belt in place, you need to start with the crankshaft pulley, then we throw it on the generator and last of all on the water pump; then you need to adjust the degree of tension (when pressing with a finger with a force of 10 kg, the sag should not exceed 10 mm);
- put the battery terminal in place, start the engine and turn on the headlights, stove, air conditioner and other powerful current consumers (there should be no whistling, knocking, noise; the headlights should shine evenly at any speed);
- put in place the parts that were removed at the beginning.
Video: Checking and replacing engine aggregate belts
Signs of an incorrect replacement
If the belt is pulled, then the load on the bearings of the generator shaft will increase, and it will begin to slow down the shaft. The force to rotate the generator will increase, the load on the crankshaft will increase, fuel consumption will increase.
If it is not fully tensioned, it will begin to slip and the generator will rotate at a lower speed. Under heavy load, the slipping part starts to whistle. Getting rid of the whistle is easy - you just need to tighten the belt.
If it rotates on misaligned or twisted pulleys, then vibration occurs due to the beating of the pulley. It can also be caused by faulty bearings in the idler or alternator. A low-quality cheap belt can also vibrate when it starts to stick to the surface of the pulley. If the vibration is not eliminated, the consumable will break very quickly.
Video: Cold noise and belt vibration
Independent replacement of the alternator belt is a simple matter, feasible even for a novice motorist. If everything is done in a timely manner, slowly, carefully, there should be no harmful consequences for the car.
Periodically check the tension and condition of the fan drive belt and power steering pump, generator and engine cooling pump ZMZ-5143 on UAZ-315148. Replace drive belts if damaged or overstretched.
Do not tension the fan drive belt and power steering pump in the following sequence:
- Loosen the bolt securing the power steering pump, the roller nut and the lock nut of the adjusting unit. Turning the tension bolt, move the power steering pump to normal belt tension.
- Check the belt tension by applying a load of 8 kgf in the middle between the fan and pump pulleys, while the belt deflection should be 8-9 mm. Tighten the power steering pump fasteners, the roller nut and the lock nut of the adjusting assembly.
Replace the fan drive belt and power steering pump on UAZ-315148 in the following sequence:
- Loosen the bolt securing the power steering pump, the roller nut and the lock nut of the adjusting unit. Turn the tension bolt to loosen the belt tension.
Tension and replacement of the alternator belt and the cooling system pump on the UAZ-315148.
Tension the drive belt and the cooling system pump in the following order:
- Loosen the idler pulley bolt. Tightening the bolt that moves the roller, set the tension roller to a position that provides the required tension of the drive belt.
- Check the belt tension by applying a load of 8 kgf in the middle between the pulleys of the generator and the water pump, while the belt deflection should be 13-15 mm.
- Tighten the idler pulley mounting bolt on the axle.
Replace the drive belt of the generator and the pump of the system with the UAZ-315148 in the following sequence:
- Remove the fan drive belt and power steering pump.
- Remove the upper and lower casings of the injection pump drive belt.
- Remove the injection pump drive belt.
- Loosen the tensioner bolt on the axle.
- Unscrew the bolt for moving the tension roller, loosen the belt tension.
- Replace the belt and tension it as above.
- Tighten the tensioner bolt on the axle and install the injection pump drive belt and injection pump drive belt covers.
- Install the fan drive belt and power steering pump and tension it.
The main problem with the wear of drive belts at the initial stage is various squeaks and retinues, during the rotation of the pulleys, which are transmitted to the engine attachments. If squeaks and whistles occur, one of the drive belts may break soon. We offer you detailed information about these types of belts in modern cars. Our guide will help you know when to change drive belts, how to determine the degree of wear, how it differs drive belt and what is the average cost of drive belts for Russian market, as well as get answers to other questions related to these belts.
To begin with, let's dot the "i" by finding out what drive belts are.
Vehicle drive belt- this is an element of a belt drive, a working part of vehicles and mechanisms, which serves to transmit engine torque.
The transmission of torque occurs due to friction forces or engagement forces (toothed belts, V-belts).
There is an erroneous opinion that does not apply to drive belts. But actually it is not. The timing belt also belongs to the category of drive belts.
Drive belts are divided into several types:
Timing belt (timing belt drive)
Accessory Drive Belts (Engine Attachments)
There are three types of car seat belts:
The rotation of the alternator generates electricity that keeps the vehicle's electrical system running.
Also in many modern cars, this same type of belt is used to transmit torque to the electric power steering, cooling fan, water pump(coolant pump), to the air conditioning compressor and to the classic power steering. Since the belt is subjected to tremendous stress and constant temperature changes, it is usually made of hard rubber and a metal core, which ensures the strength and durability of the belt. Also, many belts have a strong textile thread that allows the belt to withstand high torque transmission.
So each car, in addition to the timing belt (some cars also use a timing chain) has one or more belt drives (depending on technical features vehicle) to ensure the performance attachments engine.
If the drive belt is cracked (consequences)
If your car (or belts) are worn out, they will have cracks and scuffs on the surface. As a result, a whistle will begin to appear during their movement. In this case, it's time for their planned replacement. Remember that if you do not change the drive belt on time, you risk being left without a working car equipment. For example, if a belt has expired due to severe wear, then sooner or later it will naturally break.
As a rule, when the drive belt breaks, you will hear a loud pop from under the hood. As a result, the equipment that received torque from it will cease to function. For example, if the drive belt that feeds the generator breaks, it will stop feeding all the electrical equipment of the car. As a result, you will see dashboard illuminated battery icon.
Also, if the belt breaks, the hydraulic booster will stop working. As a result, your steering wheel will turn very hard. But the main problem with a broken drive belt is the lack of transmission of rotation to the water pump, which promotes the circulation of coolant through the engine cooling system. As a result, the engine can quickly overheat. In this case, you must immediately stop driving and turn off the engine.
Therefore, while driving, constantly monitor the engine temperature sensor, which should show the same temperature of 90 degrees. If you see that the temperature arrow has gone up and is approaching the dangerous red zone, then you need to stop and turn off the engine to diagnose the cooling system.
Attention! Overheating of the engine can lead to its failure (damage valve stem seals, failure of the head gasket, damage to the piston system). Therefore, do not in any case by monitoring the engine temperature on the dashboard.
What determines the service life of drive belts?
Modern drive belts have enough thanks to their design from modern reliable materials. On average, a quality belt can last up to 25,000 hours of operation. Please note that the service life is given in hours, not kilometers, since mileage does not directly affect the life of the drive belts. After all, these belts are in motion even when the car is stationary and the engine is idling.
But this is in theory, and according to information provided by belt manufacturers to consumers.
In practice, the service life of drive belts can differ significantly from that declared by the manufacturer. The fact is that many factors affect the wear of drive belts. For example, an important role in the long service life of belts is how it was installed on the car. For example, it is not uncommon to try to fit a belt onto a pulley with a screwdriver. As a result, the new belt is damaged and will no longer be able to serve the period that the manufacturer claims. A similar method of installing the drive belt is also used in order to speed up the replacement process so as not to remove the pulley.
In addition, the life of the belts is affected by the conditions of storage of components in the warehouse and their transportation. For example, it is not uncommon for auto shops to sell expired drive belts. Yes, there are drive belts. The fact is that the chemical composition of drive belt materials changes over time. And if the drive belt was produced 5 years ago and stored incorrectly in the warehouse, then when it is installed on the machine, it will not last very long.
Also, the weather can affect the durability of the belts in the car. For example, if you live in a hot climate, then you often use the air conditioner. This means that the air conditioning compressor must receive. As a result, the belt that transmits torque to the air conditioning compressor experiences an increased load.
Including drive belts can wear out quickly if the machine is operated for a long time in cold weather. For example, in winter, the electrical equipment of the machine requires more power than in warm weather.
As a result, the generator requires more power to keep the grid running at vehicle. As a result, the alternator belt experiences an increased load due to an increase in torque.
As a rule, drive belts last longer in a new car, as they were installed at the factory and all the necessary storage conditions were observed before installation. After replacing the factory drive belts, the life of the belts is reduced.
Each automaker in the technical documentation and service book usually indicates in maintenance work when the drive belts need to be replaced. Therefore, we advise you to carefully read the list of scheduled technical inspections and the regulations for replacing consumables. As a rule, the manufacturer indicates the maximum mileage at which the technicians must replace the drive belts in the technical center. Thus, you will approximately know the maximum service life of the drive belts. But this does not mean that you should not regularly inspect the condition of the belts. More on that below.
Regular check of drive belts
Periodically, each car owner should check the condition of all drive belts and their tension. To do this, check the belts with your finger when the engine is off. For example, by pressing your finger on the belt, you can see if the tension of the belt drive is loose. Remember that the belt should not move during this inspection (displaced by 1-2 cm). If you see this, then the cause is a weak belt tension. You should also feel the belt for damage. A visual inspection is also necessary for chips, cracks and torn elements.
Also, use a flashlight, which will not only give you a better view, but can also help identify frayed areas of the belt (usually, worn areas of the belt will shine).
In any case, if you see damaged sections of the belt, then in any case it must be replaced with a new one. Please note that when purchasing new drive belts, you do not need to purchase original consumables. There are many non-original belts on the market, which often even surpass factory originals in quality. For example, Continental, which is the largest supplier of drive belts, has proven itself well.
The average cost of replacing a belt in a car repair shop is about 2,500 rubles. seat belts for a car depends on brand awareness and production cost. There are both cheap drive belts and expensive ones on the market, which have a special design and are able to withstand extreme loads.
How to tighten, tighten or loosen the drive belt
If the cause of the whistling, squealing or creaking was the belt, which is loose, as a result of which it slips on the pulleys, then if the belt is not or damaged, in order to remove the extraneous sound, it is necessary to tighten the belt.
Using the alternator belt as an example, this is done using an adjusting special bolt (on modern cars) or using an adjusting bar (on older cars).
For example, to tighten the alternator belt on a modern car, do the following:
- Loosen the alternator mounting bolts a little (upper and lower mounting)
- Turn the adjusting bolt clockwise, moving the alternator away from the engine block and immediately checking the belt tension level
- Then shade the nuts of the fasteners of the generator
Please note that in some car systems, the process of tightening the drive belts is too laborious and requires the use of a special tool.
Attention. On the market and in many vehicles, a new generation of multi-ribbed elastic belts has now become widespread. For example, one of the world's well-known manufacturers of such belts is Elast. Their products have proven to be the best. This company is the official supplier of many car factories. Elastic V-ribbed belts do not require tension and tightening, etc. Due to their design and material, these belts do not stretch. As a rule, such drive belts last about 120,000 kilometers.
But for its initial tension, a special tool is needed.
Many cars also use special belt tensioners, which saves drivers from constantly tightening the belts. The only drawback of this design is, as a rule, when replacing drive belts, it is also necessary to change the tension roller, since it reuse together with a new belt is not possible.
Replacing drive belts in the technical center
What can temporarily replace the drive belts in the event of a car breakdown on the track?
Unfortunately, in modern cars it is impossible to temporarily replace drive belts in the event of a break on the highway. In older cars, women's tights sometimes helped with a similar problem. But those times are gone. If the drive belts break, you will need technical assistance.
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Replacing the drive belt for the generator and water pump UAZ 31519 /
5.7. Replacing the drive belt of the generator and the water pump You will need: keys "for 10", "for 12". 1. Remove the power steering pump drive belt, viscous clutch pulley and crankshaft pulley (see "Replacing the power steering pump drive belt and cooling fan pulley"). 2. Loosen the tightening bolt of the tension roller two or three turns. 3. Turning out an adjusting bolt, weaken a tension of a belt and remove it. 4. Install a new belt; screwing the adjusting bolt of the tension roller, add ...
Checking, replacing and adjusting the water pump and alternator drive belt Mercedes-Benz W123 /
Checking, replacing and adjusting the drive belt of the water pump and generator Every 24,000 km, check the drive belt and adjust its tension. Inspect the belt along its entire length for possible cracks and wear, and rotate the engine to check the surfaces of the belt in contact with the pulleys. Replace defective belt. PERFORMANCE ORDER On cars with the amplifier of a steering, an air conditioning system (compressor) it is necessary to remove their driving belts at first. Disconnect the ground wire...
Replacement fuse Mercedes-Benz W210 (E Class) /
Replacing the fuse SEQUENCE OF WORK 1. If it is necessary to replace the fuse, you can use the plastic tweezers, which is included in the standard tool kit. 2. Remove the blown fuse from the contacts with tweezers. 3. Insert a new fuse of the same rating into the contacts. Make sure the contact is secure. 4. If the new fuse blows immediately, find out from the table. 9.1, whether a fuse of a smaller rating than required has been installed. 5. If everything is correct, determine from the table the electric connected to the circuit ...
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